Wiki源代码1.4.2 服务管理实践
Version 8.1 by superadmin on 2024/03/28, 17:36
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| author | version | line-number | content |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | (% class="wikigeneratedid" id="H8FD456DEFF1A1.4ITIL476845B9E8DF565B96CD5A096058BFB4E0B4E009875" %) | ||
| 2 | [[返回:1.4 ITIL 4 的实践方法>>url:https://www.itil4hub.cn/bin/view/D%20%E3%80%8AITIL%204%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%81%E8%80%83%E8%AF%95%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97%E3%80%8B/%E7%AC%AC1%E7%AB%A0%20ITIL%204%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E5%92%8C%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E5%AF%BC%E8%AF%BB/1.4ITIL%204%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/]] [[阅读下一页>>https://www.itil4hub.cn/bin/view/D%20%E3%80%8AITIL%204%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%81%E8%80%83%E8%AF%95%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97%E3%80%8B/%E7%AC%AC1%E7%AB%A0%20ITIL%204%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E5%92%8C%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E5%AF%BC%E8%AF%BB/1.4ITIL%204%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/1.4.3%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5/]] | ||
| 3 | |||
| 4 | |||
| 5 | ====== ====== | ||
| 6 | |||
| 7 | ====== 服务管理实践大部分上是 ITIL 原有的设计,总体上全面承接了 ITIL v3/2011 版的内容,其中许多实践已经成了业内的事实上标准,我们先看一下: ====== | ||
| 8 | |||
| 9 | ====== ====== | ||
| 10 | |||
| 11 | * ((( | ||
| 12 | ====== 可用性管理(Availability management) ====== | ||
| 13 | ))) | ||
| 14 | * ((( | ||
| 15 | ====== 业务分析(Business analysis) ====== | ||
| 16 | ))) | ||
| 17 | * ((( | ||
| 18 | ====== 容量与性能管理(Capacity and performance management) ====== | ||
| 19 | ))) | ||
| 20 | * ((( | ||
| 21 | ====== 变更控制(Change control) ====== | ||
| 22 | ))) | ||
| 23 | * ((( | ||
| 24 | ====== 事件管理(Incident management) ====== | ||
| 25 | ))) | ||
| 26 | * ((( | ||
| 27 | ====== IT 资产管理(IT asset management) ====== | ||
| 28 | ))) | ||
| 29 | * ((( | ||
| 30 | ====== 监控与事态管理(Monitoring and event management) ====== | ||
| 31 | ))) | ||
| 32 | * ((( | ||
| 33 | ====== 问题管理(Problem management) ====== | ||
| 34 | ))) | ||
| 35 | * ((( | ||
| 36 | ====== 发布管理(Release management) ====== | ||
| 37 | ))) | ||
| 38 | * ((( | ||
| 39 | ====== 服务目录管理(Service catalogue management) ====== | ||
| 40 | ))) | ||
| 41 | * ((( | ||
| 42 | ====== 服务配置管理(Service configuration management) ====== | ||
| 43 | ))) | ||
| 44 | * ((( | ||
| 45 | ====== 服务连续性管理(Service continuity management) ====== | ||
| 46 | ))) | ||
| 47 | * ((( | ||
| 48 | ====== 服务设计(Service design) ====== | ||
| 49 | ))) | ||
| 50 | * ((( | ||
| 51 | ====== 服务台(Service desk) ====== | ||
| 52 | ))) | ||
| 53 | * ((( | ||
| 54 | ====== 服务级别管理(Service level management) ====== | ||
| 55 | ))) | ||
| 56 | * ((( | ||
| 57 | ====== 服务请求管理(Service request management) ====== | ||
| 58 | ))) | ||
| 59 | * ((( | ||
| 60 | ====== 服务验证与测试(Service validation and testing) ====== | ||
| 61 | |||
| 62 | |||
| 63 | ))) | ||
| 64 | |||
| 65 | ====== 同样,并非所有的服务实践都要被采用,而是要按照具体业务活动场景来进行科学组合。不过, 从下表可见,如果一个组织能把这些实践都落地了,那已相当伟大。为了便于大家比较,我们制作了一张对应关系表(更详细的比较关系,可以参见 FAQ 章节),把这个部分的内容与 ITIL 以往的版本以及北宙研发的用于一体化运营管理的V-PODAT 进行对应(如下表)。(√表示一致,≈表示有所涉及,空白表示不涉及) ====== | ||
| 66 | |||
| 67 | |||
| 68 | ====== ====== | ||
| 69 | |||
| 70 | ====== 表1-2:ITIL 4服务管理实践与标准、方法论等的对应关系表 ====== | ||
| 71 | |||
| 72 | |((( | ||
| 73 | ====== ITIL 4 ====== | ||
| 74 | |||
| 75 | ====== 服务管理实践 ====== | ||
| 76 | )))|((( | ||
| 77 | ====== ====== | ||
| 78 | |||
| 79 | ====== ITIL v2 ====== | ||
| 80 | )))|((( | ||
| 81 | ====== ====== | ||
| 82 | |||
| 83 | ====== ITIL v3/2011 ====== | ||
| 84 | )))|((( | ||
| 85 | ====== ISO20000 2005/2010 ====== | ||
| 86 | )))|((( | ||
| 87 | ====== ISO20000 2018 ====== | ||
| 88 | )))|((( | ||
| 89 | ====== ====== | ||
| 90 | |||
| 91 | ====== V-PODAT ====== | ||
| 92 | ))) | ||
| 93 | |((( | ||
| 94 | ====== 可用性管理 ====== | ||
| 95 | )))|((( | ||
| 96 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 97 | )))|((( | ||
| 98 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 99 | )))|((( | ||
| 100 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 101 | )))|((( | ||
| 102 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 103 | )))|((( | ||
| 104 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 105 | ))) | ||
| 106 | |((( | ||
| 107 | ====== 业务分析 ====== | ||
| 108 | )))|((( | ||
| 109 | ====== ====== | ||
| 110 | )))|((( | ||
| 111 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 112 | )))|((( | ||
| 113 | ====== ====== | ||
| 114 | )))|((( | ||
| 115 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 116 | )))|((( | ||
| 117 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 118 | ))) | ||
| 119 | |((( | ||
| 120 | ====== 容量与性能管理 ====== | ||
| 121 | )))|((( | ||
| 122 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 123 | )))|((( | ||
| 124 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 125 | )))|((( | ||
| 126 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 127 | )))|((( | ||
| 128 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 129 | )))|((( | ||
| 130 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 131 | ))) | ||
| 132 | |((( | ||
| 133 | ====== 变更控制 ====== | ||
| 134 | )))|((( | ||
| 135 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 136 | )))|((( | ||
| 137 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 138 | )))|((( | ||
| 139 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 140 | )))|((( | ||
| 141 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 142 | )))|((( | ||
| 143 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 144 | ))) | ||
| 145 | |((( | ||
| 146 | ====== 事件管理 ====== | ||
| 147 | )))|((( | ||
| 148 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 149 | )))|((( | ||
| 150 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 151 | )))|((( | ||
| 152 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 153 | )))|((( | ||
| 154 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 155 | )))|((( | ||
| 156 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 157 | ))) | ||
| 158 | |((( | ||
| 159 | ====== IT资产管理 ====== | ||
| 160 | )))|((( | ||
| 161 | ====== ====== | ||
| 162 | )))|((( | ||
| 163 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 164 | )))|((( | ||
| 165 | ====== ====== | ||
| 166 | )))|((( | ||
| 167 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 168 | )))|((( | ||
| 169 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 170 | ))) | ||
| 171 | |((( | ||
| 172 | ====== 监控与事态管理 ====== | ||
| 173 | )))|((( | ||
| 174 | ====== ====== | ||
| 175 | )))|((( | ||
| 176 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 177 | )))|((( | ||
| 178 | ====== ====== | ||
| 179 | )))|((( | ||
| 180 | ====== ====== | ||
| 181 | )))|((( | ||
| 182 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 183 | ))) | ||
| 184 | |((( | ||
| 185 | ====== 问题管理 ====== | ||
| 186 | )))|((( | ||
| 187 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 188 | )))|((( | ||
| 189 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 190 | )))|((( | ||
| 191 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 192 | )))|((( | ||
| 193 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 194 | )))|((( | ||
| 195 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 196 | ))) | ||
| 197 | |((( | ||
| 198 | ====== 发布管理 ====== | ||
| 199 | )))|((( | ||
| 200 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 201 | )))|((( | ||
| 202 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 203 | )))|((( | ||
| 204 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 205 | )))|((( | ||
| 206 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 207 | )))|((( | ||
| 208 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 209 | ))) | ||
| 210 | |((( | ||
| 211 | ====== 服务目录管理 ====== | ||
| 212 | )))|((( | ||
| 213 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 214 | )))|((( | ||
| 215 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 216 | )))|((( | ||
| 217 | ====== ====== | ||
| 218 | )))|((( | ||
| 219 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 220 | )))|((( | ||
| 221 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 222 | ))) | ||
| 223 | |((( | ||
| 224 | ====== 服务配置管理 ====== | ||
| 225 | )))|((( | ||
| 226 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 227 | )))|((( | ||
| 228 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 229 | )))|((( | ||
| 230 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 231 | )))|((( | ||
| 232 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 233 | )))|((( | ||
| 234 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 235 | ))) | ||
| 236 | |((( | ||
| 237 | ====== 服务连续性管理 ====== | ||
| 238 | )))|((( | ||
| 239 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 240 | )))|((( | ||
| 241 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 242 | )))|((( | ||
| 243 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 244 | )))|((( | ||
| 245 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 246 | )))|((( | ||
| 247 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 248 | ))) | ||
| 249 | |((( | ||
| 250 | ====== 服务设计 ====== | ||
| 251 | )))|((( | ||
| 252 | ====== ====== | ||
| 253 | )))|((( | ||
| 254 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 255 | )))|((( | ||
| 256 | ====== ====== | ||
| 257 | )))|((( | ||
| 258 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 259 | )))|((( | ||
| 260 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 261 | ))) | ||
| 262 | |((( | ||
| 263 | ====== 服务台 ====== | ||
| 264 | )))|((( | ||
| 265 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 266 | )))|((( | ||
| 267 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 268 | )))|((( | ||
| 269 | ====== ====== | ||
| 270 | )))|((( | ||
| 271 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 272 | )))|((( | ||
| 273 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 274 | ))) | ||
| 275 | |((( | ||
| 276 | ====== 服务级别管理 ====== | ||
| 277 | )))|((( | ||
| 278 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 279 | )))|((( | ||
| 280 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 281 | )))|((( | ||
| 282 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 283 | )))|((( | ||
| 284 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 285 | )))|((( | ||
| 286 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 287 | ))) | ||
| 288 | |((( | ||
| 289 | ====== 服务请求管理 ====== | ||
| 290 | )))|((( | ||
| 291 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 292 | )))|((( | ||
| 293 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 294 | )))|((( | ||
| 295 | ====== ≈ ====== | ||
| 296 | )))|((( | ||
| 297 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 298 | )))|((( | ||
| 299 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 300 | ))) | ||
| 301 | |((( | ||
| 302 | ====== 服务验证与测试 ====== | ||
| 303 | )))|((( | ||
| 304 | ====== ====== | ||
| 305 | )))|((( | ||
| 306 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 307 | )))|((( | ||
| 308 | ====== ====== | ||
| 309 | )))|((( | ||
| 310 | ====== ====== | ||
| 311 | )))|((( | ||
| 312 | ====== √ ====== | ||
| 313 | ))) | ||
| 314 | |||
| 315 | ====== ====== | ||
| 316 | |||
| 317 | ====== 从这张表中可以看到,相比来说,ITIL 4 并没有颠覆以往太多的实践或流程,这是有利于企业平稳过渡的。但我们可以看到,ITIL 4 没有像许多人所说的一样,对 DevOps 的一些方法采用“简单粗暴” 的引用,而是很沉着地继续为服务价值的实现扎扎实实地做贡献。但这不等于说它没有变化,例如下图 : ====== | ||
| 318 | |||
| 319 | |||
| 320 | |((( | ||
| 321 | ====== ====== | ||
| 322 | ))) | ||
| 323 | |((( | ||
| 324 | ====== ====== | ||
| 325 | )))|((( | ||
| 326 | ====== [[image:image-20200615165118-3.jpg]] ====== | ||
| 327 | ))) | ||
| 328 | |||
| 329 | ====== 图1-9 敏捷与传统方式下的发布管理 ====== | ||
| 330 | |||
| 331 | |||
| 332 | ====== ====== | ||
| 333 | |||
| 334 | ====== ====== | ||
| 335 | |||
| 336 | ====== 这图表明在发布管理中,应该充分关注不同的发布需求,据此选择不同的模式,是传统瀑布模式, 还是敏捷 /DevOps 模式呢?敏捷 /DevOps 模式可以让我们方便地实现蓝绿部署、金丝雀发布等降低风险的发布方式。之所以 ITIL 4 提出将发布和部署分开,是因为 DevOps 的灰度发布模式已经将发布和部署活动分开了。例如,我们可以通过蓝绿部署做到低风险发布,假定蓝环境是生产环境,而绿环境是类生产环境,首先我们可以在绿环境中部署新版的应用程序(此为部署实践的活动),然后通过路由切换,将蓝环境下线,同时将绿环境上线,让用户可以正式访问(此为发布实践的活动)。 ====== | ||
| 337 | |||
| 338 | |||
| 339 | ====== ====== | ||
| 340 | |||
| 341 | ====== ====== | ||
| 342 | |||
| 343 | ====== 不过需要特别提出的是,在过去的很多年,“炒概念”是一种社会现象,无论是企业还是投资方, 虽然从中牟利者不在少数,但因此受创的恐怕更多。所以我们建议读者应“修身养性”,不是为了“数字化”、“DevOps”、“互联网 +”这些字眼来学习新的方法,而是从业务价值的本质出发, 来看待和逐步掌握这些方法。尤其中国的组织多样性很强,例如银行,它们不仅要面对业务拓展,更面临银监会的监管;又如政府单位没有财务回报的说法,但是为民众提供服务正是政府单位的业务价值。这些才是我们需要关注的价值点。 ====== | ||
| 344 | |||
| 345 | |||
| 346 | |||
| 347 | [[返回:1.4 ITIL 4 的实践方法>>url:https://www.itil4hub.cn/bin/view/D%20%E3%80%8AITIL%204%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%81%E8%80%83%E8%AF%95%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97%E3%80%8B/%E7%AC%AC1%E7%AB%A0%20ITIL%204%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E5%92%8C%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E5%AF%BC%E8%AF%BB/1.4ITIL%204%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/]] [[阅读下一页>>https://www.itil4hub.cn/bin/view/D%20%E3%80%8AITIL%204%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E8%AE%A4%E8%AF%81%E8%80%83%E8%AF%95%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97%E3%80%8B/%E7%AC%AC1%E7%AB%A0%20ITIL%204%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0%E5%92%8C%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E5%AF%BC%E8%AF%BB/1.4ITIL%204%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95/1.4.3%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B5/]] |